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LOUIS ADIOLPIHE DE MILLY, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

Letters Patent No. 81,884, dated September 8, 1 868.

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T0 ALL WHOM TT'MAY CONCERN Be it known that I, LOUIS ADOLPHE DB MIL,ofParis, France, manufacturer, haveinveuted a new Mode of ProducingBolidFatty Acids; and I do hereby declare that the following isafull andsuflicient description of the same. p

The nature of the invention consists in a new mode of producingsolidfatty acids by a certain treatment of crude tallow and palm-oil ofcommerce.

I generally operate on a mixture of tallow nndpalm-oil, and-this mixtureis to be made in such proportions that the fatty. acids obtained'have acrystalline fibrous texture, which allows the liquid portions to escape,on the application of pressure, when methodically and judiciouslycombined, which proportions may be one of tallow, and one ormorepalm-oih v The proportions of the ingredients cannot be preciselystated, as they vary with the character of the fatty bodies operated on,and their greater or less tendency toassume the crystalline texture. QWhen the palm-oil is in a fair. marketable condition, to carry out theoperation, I proceed as follows;

The fats are melted, and heated to a temperature of from 244 Fahrenheit,to 248 Fahrenheit, in a cast-" iron or leaden tank, by any convenientmethod of applying heat.' It is then-run, in a small stream, into asmall lead basin, (say, ten by ten by four inches,) and into the samebasin, a small stream of concentrated sulphuric acid is run at the sametime, and in such manner that about six per cent. of acid mixes with themelted fat The mixture then runs through a leaden tube, and may be mixedmore intimately by passing through a paddle churn. Although, this is notnecessary, if the mixture is 'made to run through a sufiicient length oflead pipe, the action between the acid and fats is allowed to last fortwo or three minutes, when it is' arrested completely by running themixture in a largereceiver, full of boiling water where the glycerine isseparated entirely into solution, and the fatty acids float on thesurface, very muchcolored; but, contrary to what takes place in themethod now employed for saponifying' by sulphuric acid, the fattyacidsare colored by a matter completely soluble in the liquid-fat acids. Itconsequently happens that in pressing the mixed fatty acids, after theycool, the harder portion, (the candl'e-stufl,) is rendered perfectlywhite, and fit for moulding into candles. But it is, in most instances,preferable to remelt after the first pressure, cool in the pans,andsubject the same to hot pressure, such as is now used in the manufactureof candles by the other processes of saponification.

The great andmarked diflerence between the methods here proposed forsapouifying by sulphuric acid and the method now in common use is, thatin the latter case a good deal of tarry matter is prcduced, which givesrise to certain loss, and, moreover, renders a distillation of the.fattyacids necessary, prior to subjecting'it to the action of the press,while, in the former case, a complete saponification is accomplished,without the formation of tarry matter, and the fatty acids'may be at onesubmitted to the actionof the'press,' without distillation. Aftercompleting the operation of the pressing, the stearic acid, althoughbeautiful and white, may-be farther improved in brilliancy by mixingwith water holding in solution-a small amount of the white of eggs, asthis albuminous matter tends to collect and'separate any particle ofcoloring-matterthat may'remain in the fat acids. I d i vHaving-described the nature of the invention, and the mode of using thesome what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is- I I 1. Complete saponification by means 'of sulphuric acid,in the space of three minutes or-les's, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. Also, saponifying by means of sulphuric a usual deposit ofcarbonaceous,'insoluble, tarry matter, which-accompanies the existingmode of using sulphuric acid, as described in the specification. v d

3. The use of water and white of egg for givin the manner and for thepurpose set forth. v i I 4. Thcdue mixture of the palm and animal-fat,substantially as described, for giving the crystalline structure foundin this compound. v I v 5. While I do not claim the use of pressure toseparate liquid and solid fats treated with sulphuric acid, I do claimtreating this material with the succession of hot and cold pressure,substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

' ADOLPHE DE MILLY.

Witnesses:

James Hsun, DAVID T. S. FULLER- g thebrilliant whiteness to thecandle-stuff, substantially in.

cid, without distillation of the fatty acids, and without the

